Óptica geométrica y ondas · GCSE Physics Topic 6
Simulador de cámara estenopeica y eclipses
Simulador de cámara estenopeica y eclipses: propagación rectilínea de la luz y penumbra
- Cálculo en cliente
- Sin registro
- Derivación en vivo
- Modo proyector
- Hoja de trabajo A4
Ventana de simulación 3D● 60 FPS
Variables de control del experimento
cm
cm
mm
Derivaciones y métricas en tiempo real
Aumento de la imagen M
--
Calidad y tipo de imagen
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Orientación de la imagen
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Modo eclipse astronómico
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Derivación de fórmulas en tiempo real
Fórmula básica:
--Sustitución de valores:
--Estado físico: --
Ejemplos clásicos y análisis de errores en exámenes
Worked Problem
Problema: A 6cm candle is 10cm from pinhole, screen is 25cm away. Find image height and nature.
Derivación paso a paso:
- By similar triangles: H / 6 = 25 / 10 => H = 15cm. The image is inverted, magnified and real.
Worked Problem
Problema: Under sunny tree canopy, circular spots cover the ground. What are they? What shape during partial solar eclipse?
Derivación paso a paso:
- Circular patches are pinhole images of the round sun. During a partial solar eclipse, they all turn into crescents.
Hoja de indagación en clase y tareas
Q1. Variant 1: Does pinhole inversion also flip left and right? How to verify experimentally?
Answer Key: Yes! Pinhole inversion is a 180° point reflection (central inversion), flipping both top/bottom and left/right.
Q2. Variant 2: What is the spatial alignment order of Sun, Earth, and Moon during solar and lunar eclipses?
Answer Key: Solar eclipse: Sun - Moon - Earth (Moon shadows Earth). Lunar eclipse: Sun - Earth - Moon (Earth shadows Moon).
Q3. Variant 3: What is the speed of light in vacuum? Is it faster or slower in water and glass?
Answer Key: Vacuum speed c ≈ 3.0*10^8 m/s. In water (2.25*10^8 m/s) and glass (2.0*10^8 m/s), light travels slower since v = c/n.
Preguntas frecuentes y errores conceptuales
Why is a pinhole camera image always a real image?
Real images are formed by intersecting actual light rays and can be captured on physical screens or photographic film.
Why does an excessively large aperture blur out the image?
A large hole acts like thousands of overlapping tiny pinholes, blurring individual inverted images into an unstructured illumination blob.
What distinguishes total, annular, and partial solar eclipses?
Total: observer in lunar umbra. Annular: in antumbra (golden ring left). Partial: in penumbra (crescent bite).
Why are there annular solar eclipses but no "annular lunar eclipses"?
Earth is much larger than the Moon; Earth's umbral shadow at the Moon is 2.7x Moon's diameter, completely enveloping it.