Óptica geométrica y ondas · GCSE Physics Topic 6 (Waves & Optics)

Simulador de banco óptico y lentes delgadas

Q: Will covering the bottom half of a lens show only half an image?

No! Every zone of the lens converges rays to form the complete image. Occluding half reduces light throughput by half, making image dimmer.

Q: How to distinguish nearsighted vs farsighted glasses by eye?

Nearsighted glasses are concave lenses (thinner center, thicker edges, diminishes views); reading glasses are convex lenses (thicker center, magnifies).

Q: When moving closer for a photograph, should the lens extend forward or retract backward?

Closer object (smaller u) produces further image (larger v). The lens must extend forward away from the sensor to keep focus.

Q: If object distance u = 2f, what is image distance and magnification?

Image distance v = 2f and magnification M = 1 (inverted equal-size real image). It serves as the benchmark to measure unknown focal length.

Simulador de banco óptico y formación de imágenes en lentes convexas y cóncavas

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Derivación en vivo
Modo proyector
Hoja de trabajo A4

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Ventana de simulación 3D● 60 FPS

Velocidad:

Preajustes y errores frecuentes:

Variables de control del experimento

Distancia focal f

Distancia objeto u

Altura del objeto h0

Modo de ocultación

Derivaciones y métricas en tiempo real

Distancia imagen v

Aumento M

Características de la imagen

Aparato práctico

Derivación de fórmulas en tiempo real

Fórmula básica: --

Sustitución de valores: --

Estado físico: --

Ejemplos clásicos y análisis de errores en exámenes

Worked Problem

Problema: A convex lens with f=10cm has a candle at u=15cm. What are the image characteristics and image distance v?

Derivación paso a paso:

1/f = 1/u + 1/v => 1/10 = 1/15 + 1/v => v = 30cm. Since f < u < 2f, image is inverted, magnified and real.

Worked Problem

Problema: To observe an upright magnified virtual image using a convex lens of f=10cm, what range must object distance u satisfy?

Derivación paso a paso:

Upright virtual images require object inside focal length (u < f). Distance must be between 0 and 10cm.

Hoja de indagación en clase y tareas

Q1. Variant 1: As candle burns shorter, which way does the image shift on the screen? How to re-center it?

Q2. Variant 2: Why might an image fail to appear on the screen despite moving it along the bench? (List 3)

Q3. Variant 3: How do parallel rays refract through a concave lens? Which vision defect does it correct?

Preguntas frecuentes y errores conceptuales

Will covering the bottom half of a lens show only half an image?

No! Every zone of the lens converges rays to form the complete image. Occluding half reduces light throughput by half, making image dimmer.

How to distinguish nearsighted vs farsighted glasses by eye?

Nearsighted glasses are concave lenses (thinner center, thicker edges, diminishes views); reading glasses are convex lenses (thicker center, magnifies).

When moving closer for a photograph, should the lens extend forward or retract backward?

Closer object (smaller u) produces further image (larger v). The lens must extend forward away from the sensor to keep focus.

If object distance u = 2f, what is image distance and magnification?

Image distance v = 2f and magnification M = 1 (inverted equal-size real image). It serves as the benchmark to measure unknown focal length.