UK VAT Calculator

How to use it

Choose Add or Remove VAT, then the country; the standard rate fills in, reduced rates are one click away, or type your own.
Enter the amount to see the net price, VAT and gross price at once, with the full calculation shown for checking.
Paste several amounts into invoice lines for totals, and use the country comparison to see one net price as a retail price in each market.

How is VAT calculated?

Adding VAT: gross = net × (1 + rate), VAT = net × rate.
Removing VAT: net = gross ÷ (1 + rate), VAT = gross − net.
A common mistake is multiplying the gross price by the rate: 120 × 20% = 24 is wrong; the VAT is 20.

Amount	Action	Calculation	Result
100	Add VAT	100 × 20% = 20	120
120	Remove VAT	120 ÷ 1.2 = 100	100
99.99	Remove VAT (Germany 19%)	99.99 ÷ 1.19 = 84.03	84.03

VAT rules for cross-border sellers

EU: once cross-border distance sales to EU consumers exceed €10,000 a year in total, VAT is charged at the buyer's country rate; the One-Stop Shop (OSS) lets you file once instead of registering in each country.
EU imports: consignments up to €150 can use IOSS, charging VAT at checkout so buyers pay nothing at customs; above €150 normal import VAT and duty apply.
UK: for goods up to £135 per consignment, VAT is charged at sale by the seller or marketplace; above £135 it is paid at import.
Marketplaces: when selling to EU and UK consumers through Amazon, eBay and similar platforms, the platform is often the deemed supplier that collects and remits VAT, and the seller receives the net amount.
B2B: sales to VAT-registered business buyers usually fall under the reverse charge: no VAT on the invoice, but the buyer's VAT number must be shown.

VAT rates by country

The standard rate applies to most goods and services; reduced rates usually cover food, books, medicines, accommodation and the like. The exact scope is set by each tax authority. Rates as of 2026-10-19

European Union (27)

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
Austria	USt	20%	13%10%food, books4.9%essential food (from Jul 2026)
Belgium	BTW/TVA	21%	12%6%
Bulgaria	ДДС	20%	9%
Croatia	PDV	25%	13%5%
Cyprus	ΦΠΑ	19%	9%5%3%
Czechia	DPH	21%	12%
Denmark	moms	25%	—
Estonia	km	24%	13%9%
Finland	ALV	25.5%	13.5%10%newspapers
France	TVA	20%	10%5.5%2.1%
Germany	MwSt	19%	7%food, books, restaurant meals
Greece	ΦΠΑ	24%	13%6%
Hungary	ÁFA	27%	18%5%
Ireland	VAT	23%	13.5%9%4.8%
Italy	IVA	22%	10%5%4%
Latvia	PVN	21%	12%5%
Lithuania	PVM	21%	12%5%
Luxembourg	TVA	17%	14%8%3%
Malta	VAT	18%	12%7%5%
Netherlands	BTW	21%	9%
Poland	VAT	23%	8%5%
Portugal	IVA	23%	13%6%
Romania	TVA	21%	11%
Slovakia	DPH	23%	19%5%
Slovenia	DDV	22%	9.5%5%
Spain	IVA	21%	10%4%
Sweden	moms	25%	12%6%

Rest of Europe

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
United Kingdom	VAT	20%	5%home energy, child car seats0%most food, books, children's clothes
Norway	MVA	25%	15%Food12%
Switzerland	MWST	8.1%	3.8%accommodation2.6%food, books
Iceland	VSK	24%	11%
Türkiye	KDV	20%	10%1%
Russia	НДС	22%	10%food, medicines, children's goods
Kazakhstan	ҚҚС	16%	—
Ukraine	ПДВ	20%	14%7%
Serbia	PDV	20%	10%

Americas

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
United States	Sales tax	—	—
Canada	GST/HST	5%	13%Ontario HST14%Nova Scotia HST15%New Brunswick, Newfoundland, PEI HST
Mexico	IVA	16%	8%northern border region0%food, medicines
Brazil	ICMS/IPI	—	—
Argentina	IVA	21%	10.5%
Chile	IVA	19%	—
Colombia	IVA	19%	5%
Peru	IGV	18%	—

Asia

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
China	VAT	13%	9%farm produce, transport, construction6%services
Japan	Consumption tax	10%	8%food (not alcohol or dining out)
South Korea	VAT	10%	—
Taiwan	Business tax	5%	—
Singapore	GST	9%	—
Malaysia	SST	10%	5%sales tax on some goods8%service tax6%some services
Thailand	VAT	7%	—
Vietnam	VAT	10%	8%temporary cut (to end-2026)5%
Indonesia	PPN	11%	12%luxury goods
Philippines	VAT	12%	—
India	GST	18%	5%essentials and key inputs40%sin and luxury goods
Pakistan	GST	18%	—
Bangladesh	VAT	15%	7.5%5%
Sri Lanka	VAT	18%	—

Oceania

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
Australia	GST	10%	—
New Zealand	GST	15%	—

Middle East

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
United Arab Emirates	VAT	5%	—
Saudi Arabia	VAT	15%	—
Bahrain	VAT	10%	—
Oman	VAT	5%	—
Israel	מע"מ	18%	—
Jordan	GST	16%	4%

Africa

Country / Region	Tax	Standard rate	Other rates
Egypt	VAT	14%	5%
South Africa	VAT	15%	—
Nigeria	VAT	7.5%	—
Kenya	VAT	16%	8%fuel
Morocco	TVA	20%	14%10%7%
Algeria	TVA	19%	9%
Tunisia	TVA	19%	13%7%
Tanzania	VAT	18%	—
Ethiopia	VAT	15%	—

Source:European Commission – VAT rates in the EU · VATupdate – Global VAT rates (25 July 2026) · Sovos – Russia VAT rate raised to 22% · PwC Thailand – 7% VAT extended to 30 Sep 2027 Rates change; confirm with the local tax authority before filing or invoicing.

Frequently asked questions

What are the UK VAT rates?

The standard rate is 20% for most goods and services; the reduced rate of 5% covers home energy and children's car seats; the zero rate covers most food, books and newspapers and children's clothes.

How do I take VAT out of a UK price?

Divide the VAT-inclusive price by 1.2 for the net price; the difference is the VAT. For £60 including VAT, the net price is £50 and the VAT £10. Equivalently, VAT is one sixth of the gross price.

How often are the rates updated?

The page shows the as-of date and sources. Rates change often (Estonia, Romania, Slovakia, Finland and Russia all raised their standard rates in 2025–2026), so confirm with the local tax authority before invoicing or filing; you can always type a custom rate.

UK VAT calculator practical guide and common questions

What does an UK VAT calculator do?

Calculates at the UK standard 20%, reduced 5% and zero 0% rates, rounded to pence, with the £135 import rule explained.

Who is this for, and when is it useful?

Sellers, sole traders and accountants selling in the UK or invoicing UK customers who need VAT at 20%, 5% or 0%.

How do I use this UK VAT calculator?

Choose Add or Remove VAT, click 20%, 5% or 0% and enter the amount; copy the share link to send the result to a colleague.

How should I interpret the results?

It calculates VAT but does not decide which rate a product falls under, and does not cover the Flat Rate Scheme.

Where is the work performed, and which services receive data?

UK VAT is calculated in your browser; amounts are never uploaded and no sign-in is needed.

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