Óptica geométrica e ondas · GCSE Physics Topic 6
Simulador de espelho plano e periscópio
Simulador de reflexão em espelhos planos e periscópios: imagem virtual simétrica
- No navegador
- Sem cadastro
- Dedução ao vivo
- Modo projetor
- Folha de exercícios A4
Janela de simulação 3D● 60 FPS
Variáveis de controle do experimento
cm
cm
cm
Deduções e métricas em tempo real
Distância da imagem s'
--
Altura da imagem H'
--
Comprimento mínimo do espelho de corpo inteiro
--
Simetria e tipo da imagem
--
Dedução de fórmulas em tempo real
Fórmula fundamental:
--Substituição de valores:
--Estado físico: --
Exemplos clássicos e armadilhas de exame
Worked Problem
Problema: A 1.6m person stands 2m before a plane mirror. What is image height, distance between person and image, and effect of stepping 1m back?
Derivação passo a passo:
- Image height is 1.6m. Distance to image is 2+2=4m. Stepping 1m back leaves image height strictly unchanged at 1.6m.
Worked Problem
Problema: Why use a transparent glass plate instead of an opaque mirror in plane mirror experiments? Why identical candles?
Derivação passo a passo:
- Glass allows seeing reflection while viewing through to locate image position. Identical candles test size equality via equivalent substitution.
Folha de investigação em aula e exercícios
Q1. Variant 1: If the glass plate is tilted instead of vertical, what happens to the second candle?
Answer Key: The second candle cannot align with the image on the tabletop because tilting raises or depresses the image plane.
Q2. Variant 2: A clock reflected in a plane mirror shows 9:25. What is the actual time?
Answer Key: Plane mirror reflection reverses left-right. Symmetrical time calculation: 12:00 - 9:25 = 2:35.
Q3. Variant 3: Walking with your back to the moon after rain, is the brighter puddle or dry ground?
Answer Key: Both follow reflection laws. With back to moon, water reflects light away (looks dark); rough ground scatters light back into eyes (looks bright).
Perguntas frequentes e erros comuns
Why can't a plane mirror virtual image be captured on a screen?
Virtual images are cognitive extrapolations of diverging reflected rays; no real photons focus behind the mirror.
Why do car side mirrors use convex mirrors instead of plane mirrors?
Convex mirrors diminish image size but substantially expand the field of view, minimizing blind spots.
In a corner reflector with two 90° perpendicular mirrors, is your image flipped or normal?
It shows your true unflipped perspective! Two successive reflections flip left-right twice, preserving true handedness.
Why does full-body viewing require at least half your height regardless of distance?
Reflected sightlines to head and feet form similar triangles with the mirror; the required aperture is a midline exactly 1/2 your height.