Mecânica e máquinas simples · AP Physics 1 Unit 3 (Circular Motion)
Simulador de movimento circular e força centrípeta
Simulador de movimento circular uniforme e força centrípeta: montanha-russa e pontes
- No navegador
- Sem cadastro
- Dedução ao vivo
- Modo projetor
- Folha de exercícios A4
Janela de simulação 3D● 60 FPS
Variáveis de controle do experimento
m
m/s
kg
Deduções e métricas em tempo real
Aceleração centrípeta
--
Força centrípeta
--
Força normal N
--
Velocidade crítica
--
Dedução de fórmulas em tempo real
Fórmula fundamental:
--Substituição de valores:
--Estado físico: --
Exemplos clássicos e armadilhas de exame
Worked Problem
Problema: A 1000kg car crosses a convex bridge (R=50m) at 10m/s. What is the normal force at apex? (g=10m/s²)
Derivação passo a passo:
- Apex equilibrium: mg - N = mv²/R => N = 1000*(10 - 100/50) = 8000N.
Worked Problem
Problema: A roller coaster loop has radius 10m. What is the minimum velocity at the top to prevent falling? (g=10m/s²)
Derivação passo a passo:
- At critical apex, N=0: mg = mv²/R => v_min = sqrt(gR) = sqrt(10*10) = 10m/s.
Folha de investigação em aula e exercícios
Q1. Variant 1: Is uniform circular motion truly uniform motion? Explain why.
Answer Key: No. While linear speed is constant, the direction of velocity changes continuously, requiring continuous inward acceleration.
Q2. Variant 2: Why are outer train rails banked on curves? What happens if speed exceeds design limit?
Answer Key: Banked tracks tilt normal force to provide centripetal force without wheel flange friction. Overspeeding forces wheel flanges against outer rail.
Q3. Variant 3: What physical principle enables washing machine spin dryers to extract water?
Answer Key: Centrifuge effect. As rotational speed increases, required centripetal force exceeds water-fabric adhesion, tossing droplets tangentially through drum holes.
Perguntas frequentes e erros comuns
Is "centrifugal force" a real physical force?
No! In an inertial frame, only centripetal force exists. Outward movement is due to inertia carrying the mass along the tangent when inward force is insufficient.
Does the net force do work in uniform circular motion?
Zero work! Centripetal force is strictly perpendicular to instantaneous displacement at all points, so W = F*s*cos(90°) = 0.
Why do brakes become ineffective if a car speeds over a convex bridge crest?
Higher speeds decrease normal force N, reducing maximum tire friction f=μN. At takeoff speed N=0, friction vanishes completely.
How many forces act on a conical pendulum bob?
Only two: gravity G and rope tension T. Centripetal force is their resultant vector (mg*tanθ). Never draw a separate centripetal force on the diagram!