Optik & Wellenlehre · GCSE Physics Topic 6
Snellius-Brechungs- & Reflexions-Simulator
Brechungsgesetz nach Snellius & Totalreflexion: Lichtbrechung an Grenzflächen
- Clientseitig
- Keine Anmeldung
- Echtzeit-Herleitung
- Projektormodus
- A4-Arbeitsblatt
3D-Simulationsfenster● 60 FPS
Experimentelle Steuerungsparameter
°
m
Echtzeit-Herleitung & Kennzahlen
Brechungswinkel θ2
--
Grenzwinkel θc
--
Scheinbare Tiefe
--
Totalreflexion
--
Echtzeit-Formelherleitung
Grundformel:
--Einsetzungsschritte:
--Physikalischer Zustand: --
Typische Beispielaufgaben & Prüfungsfallen
Worked Problem
Aufgabe: Light enters glass (n=1.414) at 45° from air. Find angle of refraction and critical angle.
Schrittweise Herleitung:
- 1.0*sin(45°) = 1.414*sin(θ2) => sin(θ2) = 0.5 => θ2 = 30°. Critical angle sin(θc) = 1/1.414 => θc = 45°.
Worked Problem
Aufgabe: A pool is 2m deep (n=1.333). Viewed from directly above, what is the apparent depth of the bottom?
Schrittweise Herleitung:
- Apparent depth h_app = h_real / n = 2 / 1.333 ≈ 1.5m. The pool appears 0.5m shallower than it is.
Arbeitsblatt für den Unterricht & Hausaufgaben
Q1. Variant 1: Viewed by a scuba diver looking up from water, do shore trees appear taller or shorter?
Answer Key: Taller! Light refracts toward normal entering water. Diver's back-projected sightline places tree tops higher.
Q2. Variant 2: What two conditions are necessary for total internal reflection? How does fiber optics utilize it?
Answer Key: 1) From denser to rarer medium (n1 > n2); 2) incident angle exceeds critical angle. Fiber core n > cladding n keeps light trapped inside.
Q3. Variant 3: Light traverses a flat glass slab. What happens to the exiting ray compared to the incident ray?
Answer Key: The exiting ray remains strictly parallel to the incident ray, experiencing only a lateral parallel displacement.
Häufige Fragen & typische Missverständnisse
Why does a spear require aiming below the fish while a laser needs direct aim?
Spear travels in a straight line unaffected by refraction. Laser is light, and by reversibility of light, refracts along the identical path back to the real fish.
Why do hot asphalt roads appear to have water puddles in the distance in summer?
Inferior mirage. Blistering tarmac heats surface air, lowering refractive index. Downward skylight undergoes total internal refraction, creating illusory reflections.
Why do diamonds sparkle far more brilliantly than glass gemstones?
Diamonds have a high refractive index (n=2.42) and small critical angle (24.4°). Light undergoes multiple total internal reflections before exiting.
Why does a chopstick submerged in water appear bent upward at the surface?
Light from the submerged section bends away from normal upon exiting water. Apparent depth is shallower, making the stick look bent.